A severe winter storm can test even the most robust HVAC systems. When temperatures plummet and snow or ice accumulates, your heating equipment often has to work overtime. In these stressful conditions, it’s critical to keep your HVAC system in tip-top shape. After all, no one wants to be left shivering in the cold—or dealing with the aftermath of frozen pipes and costly repairs. By taking a few proactive measures, you can ensure that your HVAC system remains operational when you need it most.
1. Schedule Preventive Maintenance Before the Storm
The best defense against winter HVAC breakdowns is a good maintenance routine. Many homeowners postpone tune-ups until something goes wrong, but prevention is always cheaper than repair. In fact, according to This Old House, consumers spend more than $10 billion each year on HVAC repair and maintenance services. Some of these costs could be mitigated simply by scheduling biannual checkups—one just before winter sets in and one before the summer heat arrives. A licensed technician will inspect components like burners, heat exchangers, and electrical connections, helping you fix small issues before they become big, expensive headaches.
2. Change Your Air Filters Regularly
When a snowstorm is raging outside, the last thing you want to deal with is restricted airflow or poor indoor air quality. Dirty, clogged air filters force your HVAC system to work harder than necessary, driving up your energy bill and increasing the risk of damage. Aim to check and change (or clean) your HVAC filters at least once a month during peak heating seasons. A clean filter promotes better airflow, improves heating efficiency, and prevents dust and debris from harming sensitive system components—all of which helps your heater keep running smoothly under pressure.
3. Keep the Area Around Your HVAC Unit Clear
Whether your system uses an outdoor compressor or an indoor furnace, it’s essential to keep the surrounding area clean and free of obstructions. Snowdrifts, ice, leaves, and even lawn furniture can end up blocking outdoor intake and exhaust vents. If these vents become clogged, your system might shut down to avoid damage or pump dangerous carbon monoxide indoors. Additionally, make sure nothing is leaning against or covering the exterior unit, and clear away any snow or ice buildup as quickly as possible after a storm. Doing so gives your system the space and airflow it needs to operate safely.
4. Don’t Overlook Proper Insulation
While not strictly part of your HVAC system, your home’s insulation plays a huge role in determining how hard your heater has to work. In the midst of a severe winter storm, you don’t want to lose precious heat through poorly insulated walls, doors, and windows. Check your attic and walls for adequate insulation, and seal any cracks or gaps around doors and windows with weatherstripping or caulk. Adding a draft stopper to the base of exterior doors can also reduce heat loss. A well-insulated home helps maintain a stable indoor temperature, making your HVAC system’s job easier and more efficient.
5. Watch the Thermostat Settings
It’s tempting to crank the heat up high when the temperature outside drops below freezing, but doing so can strain your HVAC system and spike your energy bill. Instead, keep your thermostat at a consistent temperature—somewhere between 68 and 72 degrees Fahrenheit—when you’re home and awake. At night or when you’re away, dial back the thermostat a few degrees (but not so much that pipes risk freezing). Consider investing in a programmable or smart thermostat, which will automatically adjust temperature settings, helping you conserve energy and protect the longevity of your HVAC components.
6. Know When to Call a Professional
With nearly 111,849 HVAC businesses in the U.S. as of 2023, according to IBISWorld, there’s no shortage of professional help available. If you notice strange sounds, poor airflow, or inconsistent heating, it’s wise to contact a reputable HVAC technician as soon as possible—especially if a storm is on the horizon. A quick assessment can reveal whether a minor adjustment or a major repair is needed. Addressing problems early spares you from having to deal with a total system failure during the worst possible time.
7. Plan for the Long Haul
Just like a car, an HVAC system has a finite lifespan. According to This Old House, most systems can last up to 20 years with proper maintenance. If your system is approaching (or has exceeded) that two-decade mark, it might be time to start considering a replacement. Frequent breakdowns, skyrocketing energy bills, and inconsistent heating are all signs that it’s nearing the end of its life. While a new system might be a sizable investment, the enhanced efficiency and reliability can pay off in the long run—especially during harsh winter weather.
Winter storms are unpredictable and can place a significant strain on your heating system. By scheduling preventive maintenance, changing filters, keeping vents clear, and insulating your home, you’ll be better equipped to face the cold without worrying about your HVAC system failing when you need it most. Additionally, be prepared to call in a professional at the first sign of trouble, and consider a backup plan for power outages. With the right approach, you’ll keep your home comfortable and your HVAC equipment running smoothly—even in the harshest winter weather.
